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Multimedia Streaming Technology in 4G Mobile Communication Systems


Introduction to Multimedia Streaming Technology in 4G Mobile Communication Systems  Seminar Topic:

The present generation can be called YouTube generation, the video streaming site has taken the whole world by storm. Not only YouTube, thousands of video streaming sites are available in the net world where we can watch our favorite videos, upload them and even make money from them. But honesty without a speedy net connection, most of these sites are pretty useless as streaming process would consume a lot of our time and patience. 4G or the 4thgeneration mobile technology is often considered to be the fastest mobile technology till date.
The transmission rates go from 20MBps to a mind boggling 1GBps, that is seriously speedy stuff. The power of 4G can not only be observed during data transfer or streaming multimedia content, other features such as online mobile gaming, spot navigation and mobile banking are done with an increasingly higher speed and efficiency. 
Mobile phones all over the world mainly use two technologies CDMA and TDMA. The 4G technology has many objectives with the main one being increase in speed of data transfer. This technology enables streaming of videos in high definition quality and provides fool proof security while accessing mobile banking or making an online payment towards our purchase.
The main challenge that surface up while streaming are managing connections between various mobile networks which are heterogeneous. A CDMA network offers much more clarity and higher rate than a regular GSM network. Another major challenge is the protection of data transfer content. There are communities such as Internet streaming media alliance and Wireless multimedia forum which ensures the usage of standardized components.
The standardization itself is not only limited to mobile apps; it can also be used for various purposes like video streaming and video conferencing. An interactive platform would be provided for creating dedicated content.
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4G Communication Abstract


ntroduction to 4G Communication Seminar Topic:

4G network can be defined as the wireless ad hoc peer – to – peer network. In 4G the user joining the network also add mobile router to the network infrastructure. In the cellular infrastructure user doesn’t contribute anything to the network, while in case of wireless ad hoc peer – to – peer network user are supposed to contribute rather than compete for the network resources.
So as the no of user increases, likewise the service also improves for all the users. While talking about the current technology modern cellular devices are based on two type of transmission technology i.e. TDMA (time division multiple access) and the CDMA (code division multiple access) where these two technology are been used in the 2G. This paper discuss about the two technology mentioned above, while taking about the 4G technology it is using OFDM technology i.e. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. Using OFDM the space domain,time domain, the frequency domain and even the code domain can be used to optimize radio channel usage.
The use of multi – path has made the transmission robust in 4G. The signal has been split into orthogonal subcarriers, in which each signal is narrowband and helps in multi-path effect. 4G also uses the technology like smart antennas and MIMO (Multiple input multiple output). Taking about the hardware part of the 4G ultra wide band networks are been used, which is an advanced transmission technology that is been used in 4G an brief description about UWB has been provided in this paper.
Multiple smart antennas are used to tune and turn up signal information; there are two type of smart antennas, Switched beam antennas and the transmission beam adaptive array antennas. 4G is a unification of different wireless network, including public cellular networks like 2.5G, 3G , wireless LAN Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) and even the personal area network. Some of the main applications of 4G discussed in this paper are public safety, traffic control during disaster, tracking and tracing.
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Wireless Networks Seminar


Introduction:
In mobile communication networks we find antennas which work in Omni directional pattern. Due to Omni direction antennas the signals gets transmitted in all the directions but due to this we cannot find the same signal strength in all the directions.
As all the antennas are Omni directional we find interference of the signals due to which the signal disturbances occur. So as to transmit the signal in a particular direction we need to use smart antennas in this Smart Antenna Technology for Mobile Communication Systems paper we will see how smart antennas work and the principle behind the transmission of the signals.
Brief on smart antennas:
By using this antenna we can emit the beam of the spectrum to the particular user only and it allows us to separate the users by space division multiple access technique.
By using switching lobes which consists of basic switching functions by which we can separate the directive paths of the projected beams of the directive antennas. In order to use the received signal from the user we need to use dynamically phased arrays.
To decide the antenna pattern in up link and down link directions the array elements are calculated based on the complex weights which are done by signal processing unit.
Conclusions:
To meet the growing traffic needs we need to use smart antennas by which the potentiality of the network increases. By introducing the smart antennas we can increase the capacity of the time division multiple access systems by three times and we can find five times increase in code division multiple access technique.
The major drawbacks of smart antennas are the increase in transceiver complexity and difficulty in radio management. By using smart antennas we can use the radiation pattern in a specified direction by which we can improve the quality of communication.
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